[105] Lynch holds that the story of the march, which "would have excited and entertained" Muslim audiences, was created out of "fragments of social memory" by inhabitants who attributed the conquests of their towns or areas to Khalid as a means "to earn a certain degree of prestige through association" with the "famous general". [91] There, Khalid attacked a group of Ghassanids celebrating Easter before he or his subordinate commanders raided the Ghouta agricultural belt around Damascus. [60] Abu Bakr ratified the treaty, though he remained opposed to Khalid's concessions and warned that the Hanifa would remain eternally faithful to Musaylima. [144], The Byzantine cavalry, meanwhile, had withdrawn north to the area between the Ruqqad and Allan tributaries. [140], Khalid split his cavalry into two main groups, each positioned behind the Muslims' right and left infantry wings to protect his forces from a potential envelopment by the Byzantine heavy cavalry. The infantry was subsequently routed. Khalid ibn Walid is essentially unknown outside of the Muslim world despit. [187] Following Abd al-Rahman's death in 666, allegedly as a result of poisoning ordered by Mu'awiya, Muhajir's son Khalid attempted to take revenge for his uncle's slaying and was arrested, but Mu'awiya later released him after Khalid paid the blood money. [79] None of these tribes, all of which were branches of the Banu Bakr confederation, joined Khalid when he operated outside of their tribal areas. [160] Khalid was dispatched by Abu Ubayda to conquer Qinnasrin (called Chalcis by the Byzantines) and nearby Aleppo. [26], Later in 630, while Muhammad was at Tabuk, he dispatched Khalid to capture the oasis market town of Dumat al-Jandal. [65] According to the historian Khalil Athamina, the remnants of Khalid's army consisted of nomadic Arabs from Medina's environs whose chiefs were appointed to replace the vacant command posts left by the sahaba ('companions' of Muhammad). 616618. He initially headed campaigns against Muhammad on behalf of the Quraysh. 60 seconds . Crossing the desert, he aided in the conquest of Syria; and, though the new caliph, Umar, formally relieved him of high command (for unknown reasons), Khlid remained the effective leader of the forces facing the Byzantine armies in Syria and Palestine. Abu Bakr said: "Do you want me to put the sword to sleep? How many wars Khalid bin Waleed fought? [24] Khalid commanded the Bedouin Banu Sulaym in the Muslims' vanguard at the Battle of Hunayn later that year. [17], Khalid participated in the expedition to Mu'ta in modern-day Jordan ordered by Muhammad in September 629. Dr. Roy Casagranda explores the career of one of the greatest warriors in history. [110], Khalid was appointed supreme commander of the Muslim armies in Syria. I have dismissed him because the people glorified him and were misled. [62], The Muslim war efforts, in which Khalid played a vital part, secured Medina's dominance over the strong tribes of Arabia, which sought to diminish Islamic authority in the peninsula, and restored the nascent Muslim state's prestige. [117][118], Khalid and the Muslim commanders headed west to Palestine to join Amr as the latter's subordinates in the Battle of Ajnadayn, the first major confrontation with the Byzantines, in July. [159] Owing to its proximity to the desert steppe, Homs was viewed as a favorable place of settlement for Arab tribesmen and became the first city in Syria to acquire a large Muslim population. [40] In the words of Shaban, "he simply defeated whoever was there to be defeated". [71], From Ubulla's vicinity, Khalid marched up the western bank of the Euphrates where he clashed with the small Sasanian garrisons who guarded the Iraqi frontier from nomadic incursions. I have not dismissed Khalid because he was dishonest. [33], Of the six main conflict zones in Arabia during the Ridda wars, two were centered in Najd (the central Arabian plateau): the rebellion of the Asad, Tayy and Ghatafan tribes under Tulayha and the rebellion of the Tamim tribe led by Sajah; both leaders claimed to be prophets.
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